๐๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก?
Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Twitter:@NassarMohamadMR
๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐ ๐๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก.
๐๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก?
๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ง๐ข๐ช๐ฎ๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ, ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐ก ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง, ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ ๐ง๐ญ๐ฒ, ๐๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฌ, ๐ฉ๐ซ๐จ๐ฏ๐ข๐ฌ๐ข๐จ๐ง, ๐ ๐ข๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐๐ญ๐ก, ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ซ๐๐ข๐ง, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐จ ๐จ๐ง.
๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐ฌ๐จ๐งโ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ ๐ฎ๐ง๐ฅ๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐, ๐๐จ๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ ๐ง, ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฏ๐ข๐๐๐ซ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ, ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ซ ๐จ๐ ๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐๐ญ๐ก, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ก๐จ ๐๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ข๐ญ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ ๐ก๐๐ซ๐ฆ, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ง๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ก๐จ ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ฐ๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐ฌ, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ก๐จ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ฅ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ, ๐ข๐ง ๐๐ก๐จ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐๐ง๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ ๐จ๐จ๐๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ก๐จ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐จ ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ญ๐๐ฏ๐๐ซ ๐๐ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฌ โ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐๐ก ๐๐ฅ๐ฌ๐จ ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฎ๐๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐๐ซ๐๐ (๐๐ฅ-๐ช๐๐๐๐ซ), ๐๐จ๐ญ๐ก ๐ ๐จ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐.
๐๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ก๐ซ๐ข๐ค๐ข๐ง ๐๐ฆ๐จ๐ง๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐จ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ (๐ฉ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ) ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐๐ข๐ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ ๐ซ๐๐ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฌ๐ฉ๐๐๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ , ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ข๐ญ ๐ข๐ง ๐ ๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ ๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฆ๐ฌ, ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ฌ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ (๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐ง๐ ):
โ๐๐ง๐ ๐ข๐ง๐๐๐๐ ๐ข๐ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ ๐๐ฌ๐ค ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฆ: โ๐๐ก๐จ ๐ก๐๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ญ๐ก?โ ๐๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ฌ๐๐ฒ: โ๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ-๐๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ๐ฒ, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ-๐๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐๐ซ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฆโโ [๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐ค๐ก๐ซ๐ฎ๐ ๐๐:๐]
๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ฅ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ง๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ ๐ง๐ญ๐ฒ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ญ๐ก. ๐๐ก๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐ข๐ญ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐๐ข๐๐ข๐๐ง๐ญ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ ๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐ฎ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ, ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ญ ๐๐ฅ๐ฌ๐จ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐๐ก ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ฒ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ, ๐ง๐๐ฆ๐๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐๐ง๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ญ ๐๐๐ฏ๐จ๐ญ๐ ๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐๐ฅ๐จ๐ง๐.
๐๐ข๐ ๐๐ง๐ฒ๐จ๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ง๐ฒ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก?
๐๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ โ ๐ข.๐., ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก โ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ฒ ๐๐ง๐ฒ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐๐ฆ. ๐๐จ ๐จ๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ฅ๐ ๐ก๐๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ฐ๐จ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐ก๐จ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฅ. ๐๐จ ๐จ๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐ฎ๐๐ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐๐๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก ๐๐ฑ๐๐๐ฉ๐ญ ๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐จ๐ก, ๐ฐ๐ก๐จ ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐๐ ๐ข๐ญ ๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ซ๐ซ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐๐จ๐ซ๐ง๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฏ๐๐ง ๐๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ฆ๐๐ โ ๐ฆ๐๐ฒ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ โ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐. ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ฌ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ (๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐ง๐ ):
โ๐๐๐ฒ๐ข๐ง๐ : โ๐ ๐๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐ฅ๐จ๐ซ๐, ๐ฆ๐จ๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐ก.โ [๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ณ๐ขโ๐๐ญ ๐๐:๐๐]
โโ๐ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ ๐ก๐๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ง ๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ก (๐ ๐ ๐จ๐) ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ฆ๐โโ [๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฌ๐๐ฌ ๐๐:๐๐]
๐๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐ซ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง๐๐ ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐ญ ๐๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ค๐ง๐๐ฐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฆ๐๐จ๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ. ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ฌ๐๐ฒ๐ฌ (๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐ง๐ ):
โ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฆ (๐ญ๐ก๐จ๐ฌ๐ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ ๐ง๐ฌ) ๐ฐ๐ซ๐จ๐ง๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐ซ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ฅ๐ฒ, ๐ญ๐ก๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ก ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ข๐ซ ๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ฏ๐๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐จ๐ง๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐จ๐โ [๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฆ๐ฅ ๐๐:๐๐]
๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ญ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ก๐ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ:
โ[๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ (๐๐จ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ)] ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐: ๐๐๐ซ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฒ, ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฌ๐ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ ๐ง๐ฌ ๐ก๐๐ฏ๐ ๐๐๐๐ง ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐๐ฒ ๐ง๐จ๐ง๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ญ๐กโ [๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฌ๐ซ๐ ๐๐:๐๐๐]
๐๐จ ๐ก๐ ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ซ๐๐๐จ๐ ๐ง๐ข๐ณ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ง๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก.
๐๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ข๐๐ง๐ฌ (๐๐จ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ง๐ฌ) ๐ซ๐๐ฃ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐๐๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ฅ๐ ๐ก๐๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ฐ๐จ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ, ๐๐๐ซ๐ค๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฅ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ. ๐๐จ๐ฐ๐๐ฏ๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐ซ๐๐ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฌ๐ ๐ญ๐ฐ๐จ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฅ, ๐ซ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฅ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ญ๐ญ๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ค๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ, ๐๐๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ ๐ข๐ญ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ ๐ ๐จ๐จ๐, ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ค๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ฅ, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐๐ก ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ ๐ ๐จ๐จ๐ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐ญ๐ญ๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐๐ก ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฏ๐ข๐ฅ. ๐๐จ๐ซ๐๐จ๐ฏ๐๐ซ ๐๐๐ซ๐ค๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ง-๐๐ฑ๐ข๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐, ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐๐ฌ ๐ฅ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐๐ฑ๐ข๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐จ ๐ข๐ญ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฆ๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐๐๐๐ญ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ข๐ญ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐.
๐๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ก๐ซ๐ข๐ค๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก ๐๐จ๐๐ฌ ๐ง๐จ๐ญ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐ ๐ฌ๐จ ๐ข๐ง ๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ญ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐. ๐๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ญ ๐ข๐ง ๐ ๐ ๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐, ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ญ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐ฌ๐๐ฌ ๐ช๐ฎ๐จ๐ญ๐๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฏ๐. ๐๐ฎ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฒ ๐ก๐๐ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฆ๐ ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ข๐ซ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐๐ซ๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐๐ฉ๐ญ, ๐ฌ๐ฎ๐๐ก ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ญ๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ซ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐จ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฌ, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ข๐ซ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ฌ๐จ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐ฌ๐๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ญ๐ฎ๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ก๐๐ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ฅ๐๐๐ ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฎ๐ง๐ฌ๐๐๐ง, ๐๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ซ๐ค ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐๐ซ๐ง๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ.
๐๐ฎ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ฌ๐ ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐ญ๐๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ข๐ซ ๐ข๐ง๐๐จ๐ซ๐ซ๐๐๐ญ ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐ซ๐๐ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ง๐๐ง๐๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ง๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ (๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ก๐ข๐ฒ๐ฒ๐๐ก) ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐๐ฅ๐จ๐ง๐ (๐๐๐ฐ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐๐ฅ-โ๐ข๐๐๐๐๐ก).
๐๐ ๐๐ฌ๐ค ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ญ๐จ ๐ฆ๐๐ค๐ ๐ฎ๐ฌ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐๐๐๐๐ฌ๐ญ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ข๐ฌ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ฎ๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐ฅ ๐ฐ๐ ๐ฆ๐๐๐ญ ๐๐ข๐ฆ.
๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ๐๐ก ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ญ.
๐๐๐๐๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐๐ฌ:
๐๐๐ฒ๐ฌ๐ข๐ซ ๐๐ฅ-โ๐๐ณ๐ข๐ณ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฆ๐ข๐, ๐๐.
๐๐ฅ-๐๐๐ฐ๐ฅ ๐๐ฅ-๐๐ฎ๐๐ข๐, ๐/๐๐.
๐๐๐๐๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐๐ฌ
Definition and Meaning of Islam
Oneness= Tawhid of Almighty Allah versus using words such as unity or unification instead?
What Is the Meaning of Tawhid (Islamic Monotheism?
The divine attributes are to be affirmed in a literal sense, not metaphorical
Asma Wa Sifaat (The Names and Attributes of Allah)
How can Islamic monotheism (Tawhid in Arabic) be achieved and what is the promised reward?
The meaning of Islamic Monotheism (Monotheism=Tawhid in Arabic) and its categories
Dividing Tawhid into categories
Does Allah have hadd= a limit?
Who are the Ashโaris? Are they among Ahl as-Sunnah?
Differences between Maturidis and Ahl as-Sunnah
Does Allah exist in a place? A man in the sky?
Evidence that Allah is Exalted, High Above His Creation and Above the Heavens
Is it acceptable to say that Allah is beyond place and time?
Allah is Above His Throne and He is Close to us by His Knowledge
Transcendency of Allah in Islam
Explanation of โAllah created Adam in His own imageโ โ Imam Ibn Baaz
What Does The Narration โAllah created Adam In His/his Imageโ Mean?
Meaning of the hadeeth which says that Allah created Adam in His Image
Al-Jahmiyyah ( ุงูุฌูู ูุฉ)
Important Principles concerning Allaahโs Names & Attributes : Imaam Ibn Uthaimeen
The creed of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaaโah in regard to Allaahโs Names and Attributes
Interpreting Allaahโs Attributes
Corruption of the Tawraat (Torah) and Injeel(Gospel)
Does the Original Gospel Exist Today?