𝐄𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭, 𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐞, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬 𝐛𝐞 𝐮𝐩𝐨𝐧 𝐡𝐢𝐦, 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐫𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝐚𝐦𝐳𝐚 𝐛𝐢𝐧 𝐀𝐛𝐝𝐮𝐥 𝐌𝐮𝐭𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐛 𝐢𝐧 𝐛𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐟𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐢𝐟 𝐇𝐚𝐦𝐳𝐚 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭.

Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Twitter:@NassarMohamadMR

Question

I read somewhere that Hamza, the uncle of the Prophet, was 4 years older than the Prophet, despite Abdullah father of the Prophet married his wife. And Abdul Muttalib married his wife on the same day.

A few months later Abdullah father of the Prophet died of illness, during which time the Prophet should have been conceived, then He was born 9 months later.

How was Hamza born 4 years before the Prophet?

Answer:

Praise to Allah Exalted He

Firstly:

It is agreed upon by scholars as a matter of fact that the Prophet, peace be upon him, is the brother of Hamza bin Abd al-Muttalib through breastfeeding, and this is proven in the two authentic hadith books Bukhari Book and Muslim Book.

Al-Bukhari included in his Sahih (2645) and Muslim in his Sahih (1447)

from the hadith of Abdullah bin Abbas, may God be pleased with him, who said: The Prophet, peace be upon him, said regarding the possibility of him marrying the daughter of Hamzah:

“What is forbidden by lineage, she is my niece from breastfeeding).

That means that the Prophet is prohibited from marrying her because she would be considered the daughter of his brother Hamzah due to the fact they are brothers from breastfeeding from the same lady, Thuwaibah, the female slave of Abu Lahab.

It was narrated by Muslim in his Sahih (1446)

from the hadith of Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: “I said: O Messenger of Allah, why do you carefully choose your wives for yourself from Quraysh (the wider tribe) and leave us (not marrying from us your immediate relatives)?

The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him: It is not permissible for me, because it is my niece- Daughter of Hamzah ibn Abdel Mutalib- through breastfeeding.

The biographers mentioned that Thuwaibah, the female slave of Abu Lahab, breastfed Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib, the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Abu Salamah bin Abdul-Assad.

Al-Bukhari was narrated in “Sahih” (5101), and Muslims in the “sahih” (1449)

𝐓𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐔𝐦𝐦 𝐇𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐛𝐚 𝐝𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐛𝐮 𝐒𝐮𝐟𝐲𝐚𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭 𝐒𝐚𝐢𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭:

Umm Habiba, the daughter of Abu Sufyan and wife of the Prophet Said to the Prophet, reported:

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to me and I said to him: Have you any inclination towards my sister the daughter of Abu Sufyan?

He (the Holy Prophet) said: Then what should I do?

I said: Marry her. He said: Do you like that? I said: I am not the exclusive (wife) of yours; I, therefore, wish to join my sister in good. He said: She is not lawful for me. I said: I have been informed that you have given the proposal of marriage to Durrah daughter of Abu Salama He raid:

You mean the daughter of Umm Salama? I said: Yes. He said: Even if she had not been my stepdaughter brought up under my guardianship, she would not have been lawful for me, for she is the daughter of my foster-brother (Hamza), for Thuwaiba had suckled me and her father.

So do not give me the proposal of the marriage of your daughters and sisters.

There is no dispute that the Prophet, peace be upon him, is the brother of Hamzah through breastfeeding, and the one who breastfed them Thuwaibah is the female slave of Abu Lahab

Secondly:

As for the hadith about the age of Hamza ibn Abdel Mutalib, may Allah be pleased with him, and how he is two or four years older than the Prophet, peace be upon him, and they were breastfed together, with what was mentioned that Abdul Muttalib the father of Hamzah got married on the same day that his son Abdullah the father of Prophet Muhammed married:

𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬:

In the case of the marriage of Abd al-Muttalib father of Hamzah and Abdullah father of the Prophet, peace be upon him. There is NO crystal-clear concrete evidence that their marriages including the consummation of marriages to their respective wives took place on the same day.

No authentic reporting that their marriages including the consummation of the marriages were on the same day, rather there are two reporting=Hadith were mentioned about that, both of which are not true.

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐖𝐞𝐚𝐤 𝐡𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡:

What was included by al-Tabarani in “Al-Mu’jam al-Kabeer” (3/137), Abu Na’im in “Dala’il al-Nubuwwah” (71), Abu Bakr al-Shafi’i in “Al-Ghailiyat” (271), and al-Bayhaqi in “Dala’il al-Nubuwwah” (1/106).

from Abd al-Aziz bin Imran bin Abd al-Aziz, He said: Abdullah bin Jaafar al-Makhrami told us about Abu Aoun, Mawla al-Masur bin Makhrma, about the pipe, about Ibn Abbas,

He said: Who are they? I said: From Banu Hashim, he said: O Abd al-Muttalib, would you permit me to look at some of you? He said: Yes, unless I was aware, he said: “He opened one of my queues, then open the other, he said: I bear witness that in one of your hands kingdoms, and in the other prophecy,

And we find that in Bani Zohra, so how is that? I said: I do not know. He said: Do you have any rumors? I said: What is the rumor? He said: The wife, I said: As for today, he said: So, when you go back, then marry them, then Abd al-Malik will return.

The Hala Bint Wahib bin Abdul Manaf bin Zahrah, gave birth to Hamza, and Safiyyah, and Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib married to Aminah Bint Wahb and she gave birth to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). upon his father).

Wahhab and Wahib are brothers, so Quraish said when Abdullah married, Abdullah won more than his father Abdul Mutalib because Abdullah’s wife Aminah was from a greater family.

This above-mentioned hadith chain of transmission is very weak, in it “Abdul-Aziz bin Imran.” Al-Bukhari said in “Ad-Dha’fa’ al-Saghir=Small weak” (223): “The hadeeth of a munkar= denounced is not written down.” It is over. An-Nasa’i said in Al-Da’afa wa Al-Matroukeen= In the weak and abandonment Book (393).

The hadith is abandoned. End. Abu Hatim said, as in al-Jarh and al-Ta’deel (5/391): “The hadith is abandoned, the hadeeth is weak, the hadith is very reprehensible.” End

This, and the wording of the hadith does not indicate that they got married together on the same day.

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐞𝐚𝐤 𝐡𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐡

Narrated by Ibn Saad in the “classes” (1/94), and the ruler in the “master” (4877), from the road of Mohammed bin Omar Al-Waqdi, told me Abdullah bin Jaafar al-Makhmami.

(That is Aminah bint Wahab and the mother of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was in the guardianship of her uncle Ahib bin Abdul Manaf ibn Zahrh, and that the grandfather of the Prophet Abdel Mutalib bin Hashim brought his son Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib Abi Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, to mary Aminah bin Wahab.

And Abdul Muttalib married -Hala bint Ahib bin Abdul Manaf bin Zahrah, she is mother of Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib, both marriages took place in one sitting, and Hamzah was older than the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, and he was his brother from breastfeeding. And its chain of transmission is corrupt.

It includes “Muhammad bin Omar Al-Waqidi”: Abu Hatim said as in “Al-Jarh and Al-Ta’deel” (8/21), Al-Bukhari in “Al-Dha’fa’ Al-Sagheer” (334), and Al-Nasa’i in “Al-Da’afa and Al-Matrouken” (531): “Matrouk al-hadith.” It ended, and Ahmed bin Hanbal and Ishaq bin Rahwayh accused him of lying, as in “Al-Kamil” by Ibn Uday (7/481).

Examination of these words from this Weak hadith: (Abdullah married Aminah Bint Wahb. And Abd al-Muttalib married Hala bint Wahib bin Abd Manaf bin Zahra, the mother of Hamzah ibn Abdel Mutalib in the same sitting.

𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐈𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞 –

It does not indicate that the consummation of each of them with his wife was on the same day, because it is possible that one of them just got engaged and the other got married and consummated the marriage.

This Opinion is Al-Halabi’s preferred opinion in “Al-Sira al-Halabi”.

Al-Halabi said in “Al-Sirah Al-Halabi” (1/125):

“Thuwaibah, may AllahAlmighty be pleased with her, breastfed his uncle Prophet Muhammed, peace be upon him,and Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib.

Hamzah was two years OR four years older than Prophet Muhammed, peace be upon him.

I say: This above-mentioned contradicts that Abd al-Muttalib married Hala from Banu Zahra and she give birth to Hamza, and that Abdullah married Aminah from Banu Zahra in the same sitting.

And that Amina became pregnant with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, when Abdullah consummated the marriage with Aminah, and that Abdullah consummated the marriage with Aminah when he was able to.

So how can Hamzah be two years older than the Prophet, peace be upon him, UNLESS there is NO evidence in the above-mentioned statements that Abd al-Muttalib and Abd Allah had intercourse with their wives at the same time.

And Al-Suhaili’s statement that (Hala bint Wahib Abd bin Manaf bin Zahra, uncle of Amina bint Wahb, mother of the Prophet, peace be upon him married Abd al-Muttalib, and his son Abdullah married Amina in one hour. Then Thuwaiba breastfed them), this statement of Al-Suhaili is his OWN words and Opinion.

And it has NO similar views like the previous saying of Asad Al Ghabah “the lion of the forest” that:

Abd al-Muttalib and Abdullah married at the same time. a statement that they consummated their wives at the same time.

Because it is possible to carry the marriage on the betrothal authorized in what preceded and that is on the authority of Ibn al-Muhaddith (that Abd al-Muttalib betrothed to Hala in Abdullah’s engagement to Amina, And Allah knows best.” End

This is IF the chain of transmission and narrations are correct, but how about when it is NOT correct.

Second:

Regarding the fact that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was the brother of Hamza through breastfeeding, and Potentially Hamza, may Allah be pleased with him, was older than the Prophet,peace be upon him

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐰𝐨 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬:

Some of Scholars who believe that Hamza was not even older in age than the Prophet, peace be upon him, because there is no evidence for that. Rather, it is an opinion of some of the biographies, such as Ibn Abd al-Barr.

Ibn Abd al-Barr said in “Al-Isti`ab” (1/369) in the biography of Hamza, may Allah be pleased with him: “He was four years older than the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and this is not correct for me.

Because the established hadith is that Hamza, and Abdullah bin Abdul-Assad, Thuwaiba breastfed them with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah be pleased with him, Unless she breastfed them in two times.” End.

There is NO contradiction as for the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Hamza breast-feeding from Thuwaibah, Even IF Hamza was two or four years older than the Prophet, peace be upon him at the time.

𝐁𝐞𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐢𝐭 𝐝𝐨𝐞𝐬 𝐍𝐎𝐓 𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐛𝐞 𝐛𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐭-𝐟𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞, 𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐇𝐚𝐦𝐳𝐚𝐡, 𝐦𝐚𝐲 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐡 𝐛𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐡𝐢𝐦, 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐛𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐟𝐞𝐝 𝐟𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐓𝐡𝐮𝐰𝐚𝐢𝐛𝐚𝐡, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐬𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐰𝐨 𝐲𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬.

At that time, Thuwaiba was in the early stages of breast-feeding her son, then the Prophet, peace be upon him, was born after that, in the last period of her breast-feeding of her son, before the completion of the two years, and she breast-fed the prophet, peace be upon him.

Thus, the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Hamzah was breastfed together by her, and between them, there is a difference in age of two years or more. up to four.

Again, this does NOT necessarily mean that they were breastfed by her in the same- Without fully rejecting the possibility of the concurrency as well at some point.

Al-Muhib al-Tabari said in “Dhakhair al-Uqba” (p. 172): “He (i.e., Hamza), was four years older than the Prophet, peace be upon him.

Abu Omar said: This is refuted by what was mentioned above regarding restricting Thuwaibah’s breastfeeding to her son’s milk,

Since there is no breastfeeding except in two years, and if it were not for this restriction, breastfeeding could be carried out at two different times.

I said: It is possible that she breastfed Hamza in the last years of her son’s first breast-feeding, and she breastfed the Prophet, peace be upon him, in his first years and in the last of his son’s breast-feeding, so he is four years older, and it was said that he was two years older.

Ibn al-Arabi said in “Al-Masalik fi Sharh Muwatta Malik” (5/1310): “The historians have narrated that Hamzah was four years older than the Prophet, peace be upon him, and it was narrated also that he was two years older.

So, it is possible that the breastfeeding of the Prophet, peace be upon him, was with Hamza. In one term, and possibly in two.” End

Al-Salihi said in “Subbil al-Huda and al-Rashad” (11/82) and Hamzah is called Abu Ya’la, and it was said he had another nickname as: Abu ‘Umarah, representing his two sons. May Allah be pleased with him, and he was four years older than the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him

It was said in al’iimtae Book There are two objections with the above-mentioned view:

First Objection:

What is proven in the hadith that Hamzah and Abdullah bin Abd al-Assad bin Hilal al-Makhzumi were breastfed by Thuwaibah, the female slave of Abu Lahab with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

And in Sahih Muslim on the authority of Ali – may Allah be pleased with him- he said: (I said: O Messenger of God, why do you choose [= means: choose from Quraysh tribe] and leave us [ Do not marry from your immediate family]?

The Prophet asked: Do you have anything? I said: Yes, daughter of Hamza, the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, said May Allah be pleased with him: “She is not permissible for me, she is my brother’s daughter through breastfeeding.”

Second Objection:

If Hamzah was four years older than the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. How is it correct that Thuwaibah the female slave of Abu Lahab breastfed them both?

And since the hadith is authentic and correct, then it takes precedence over other statements, UNLESS Thuwaibah the female slave of Abu Lahab breastfed them in two times.

This is supported by what al-Baladhuri said: Thuwaibah was the slave of Abu Lahab, and she breastfed the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him for a few days, before Halima took him from the milk of her son, who is said to be: Masrouh.

And Thuwaibah the female slave of Abu Lahab breastfed Hamza bin Abdul-Muttalib before him, and after him I breastfed Abu Salamah Abdullah bin Abdul-Assad Al-Makhzumi.

In this way, the problem is solved, and God Almighty knows best.” End

In conclusion:

It is clear from the above that:

That what is NOT disputed is the evidence that the Prophet, peace be upon him, and Hamza suckled from Thuwaibah the female slave of Abu Lahab- Does not have to be at the same time.

2)The matter that Hamzah is older than the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, is NOT agreed upon it among all the scholars.