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𝐃𝐨𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐚𝐬 𝐬𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧?

Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Twitter:@NassarMohamadMR

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

𝐖𝐡𝐲 𝐃𝐨𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧? | 𝐃𝐫. 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐫 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐲

𝐈 𝐝𝐨 𝐍𝐎𝐓 𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐃𝐫. 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐫 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰𝐬. 𝐇𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫, 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐬𝐚𝐲𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐯𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐨 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐚 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧.

𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐰𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐪𝐮𝐨𝐭𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐲𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐌𝐮𝐬𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐚𝐬 𝐥𝐨𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐬 𝐢𝐭 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐚 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦

𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 (𝟑:𝟑𝟓) 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤𝐬 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐌𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬= 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬’𝐬 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧. 𝐓𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐰𝐡𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐮𝐥𝐥 𝐧𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐝𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧.

𝐈𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐇𝐨𝐥𝐲 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧, 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬, 𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐞𝐝 𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧.

𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐛𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐬𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐬, 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝟑:𝟑𝟓, 𝟑:𝟑𝟔, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝟑:𝟒𝟓. 𝐇𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫, 𝐢𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐭𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐝𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐜𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲.

𝐀𝐜𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐨 𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐇𝐨𝐥𝐲 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐝𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐎𝐥𝐝 𝐓𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧.

𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐚𝐝, 𝐢𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐰𝐚𝐬 𝐚 𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐧 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐃𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲. 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐬 𝐚 𝐟𝐞𝐰 𝐩𝐮𝐫𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧.

𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐥𝐲:

𝐈𝐭 𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐬 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲’𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐩𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐠𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝, 𝐚𝐬 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐝𝐞𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐝 𝐚𝐬 𝐚 𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐧. 𝐈𝐭 𝐡𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐛𝐢𝐫𝐭𝐡 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐡𝐞 𝐰𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐲 𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬.

𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐥𝐲:

𝐈𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐉𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐜𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐝𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐬 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐜𝐚𝐦𝐞 𝐛𝐞𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐦.

𝐁𝐲 𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧, 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐧, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐬𝐢𝐳𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐡𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐡𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲.

𝐈𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐡 𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐚𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐮𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐈𝐦𝐫𝐚𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧 𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦. 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐲 𝐛𝐞 𝐝𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬.

The Quran refers to Mary, upon her be peace, as the “sister of Aaron” in reference to her descent from the lineage of the Prophet Aaron, upon him be peace. This type of reference is common in ancient Semitic languages and in the Bible.

Allah said:

يَا أُخْتَ هَارُونَ مَا كَانَ أَبُوكِ امْرَأَ سَوْءٍ وَمَا كَانَتْ أُمُّكِ بَغِيًّا

O sister of Aaron, your father was not a man of evil, nor was your mother unchaste.

Surah Maryam 19:28

The Christians at the time of the Prophet objected to this verse on the grounds that it was meant literally, but the Prophet answered their question.

Mughira ibn Shu’ba reported: When I came to Najran, the Christian monks asked me, “You recite the verse: O sister of Aaron (19:28), whereas Moses was born long before Jesus by such-and-such years.” When I came back to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, I asked him about it and he said:

إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُسَمُّونَ بِأَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَالصَّالِحِينَ قَبْلَهُمْ

Verily, they would name people with the names of prophets and righteous people who had gone before them.

Source: Sahih Muslim 2135, Grade: Sahih

Ibn Kathir reported:

علي بن أبي طلحة والسدي قيل لها يٰأُخْتَ هَـٰرُونَ أي أخي موسى وكانت من نسله

Alli ibn Abu Talha and As-Suddi said: It was said to her: O sister of Aaron (19:28), meaning the brother of Moses because she was from among his descendants.

Ibn Kathir added:

كما يقال للتميمي يا أخا تميم وللمضري يا أخا مضر

This is like saying to somebody from the Tamimi tribe: O brother of at-Tamim, or to somebody from the al-Mudari tribe: O brother of Mudar.

Source: Tafseer Ibn Kathir, verse 19:28

Muhammad Asad comments on the verse, saying:

In ancient Semitic usage, a person’s name was often linked with that of a renowned ancestor or founder of the tribal line. Thus, for instance, a man of the tribe of Banu Tamim was sometimes addressed as “son of Tamim” or “brother of Tamim.” Since Mary belonged to the priestly caste, and hence descended from Aaron, the brother of Moses, she was called a “sister of Aaron,” in the same way as her cousin Elizabeth, the wife of Zachariah, is spoken of in Luke 1:5 as one of “the daughters of Aaron.”

Source: Message of the Quran

Therefore, the verse is not a historical mistake, but rather it is in perfect agreement with the Semitic languages and ancient customs.

Success comes from Allah, and Allah knows best.

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