๐๐ข๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฎ๐ก๐๐ฆ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ ๐ข๐ซ๐ฅ?
Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Twitter:@NassarMohamadMR
Br. Bassam Zawadi
๐ ๐ข๐ซ๐ฌ๐ญ, ๐๐๐๐จ๐ซ๐ ๐ฐ๐ ๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐ข๐ฌ๐๐จ๐ง๐๐๐ฉ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฎ๐ก๐๐ฆ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ฌ๐, ๐ฐ๐ ๐ง๐๐๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ซ๐๐๐ ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ฎ๐ก๐๐ฆ๐ฆ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐:
๐๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ซ: ๐๐จ๐ง๐จ๐ซ ๐ ๐ฎ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐ฌ, ๐จ๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐ง๐๐ข๐ ๐ก๐๐จ๐ซ๐ฌ
Al-Saโib ibn Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said to him, โO Saโib, look at the character of your deeds in the time of ignorance and continue them in Islam: honor the guest, be generous to the orphan, and be good to your neighbor.โ
Source: Musnad Aแธฅmad 15074
Grade: Rijal al-Sahih (narrators are reliable) according to Al-Haythami
ุนููู ุงูุณููุงุฆูุจู ุจููู ุนูุจูุฏู ุงูููููู ููุงูู ููุงูู ูููู ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ููุง ุณูุงุฆูุจู ุงููุธูุฑู ุฃูุฎูููุงูููู ุงูููุชูู ููููุชู ุชูุตูููุนูููุง ููู ุงููุฌูุงูููููููุฉู ููุงุฌูุนูููููุง ููู ุงููุฅูุณูููุงู ู ุฃูููุฑู ุงูุถูููููู ููุฃูููุฑูู ู ุงููููุชููู ู ููุฃูุญูุณููู ุฅูููู ุฌูุงุฑููู
15074 ู ุณูุฏ ุฃุญู ุฏ ู ุณูุฏ ุงูู ูููู
8/193 ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุงูููุซู ู ุฎูุงุตุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุฑุฌุงู ุฑุฌุงู ูู ู ุฌู ุน ุงูุฒูุงุฆุฏ
๐๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ๐ฌ: ๐๐ฎ๐๐ซ๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ซ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐ฐ๐จ๐ฆ๐๐ง, ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐ง, ๐จ๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, โO Allah, I have issued a warning in regards to the rights of two vulnerable groups: orphans and women.โ
Source: Sunan Ibn Mฤjah 3678
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Suyuti
ุนููู ุฃูุจูู ููุฑูููุฑูุฉู ููุงูู ููุงูู ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ุงููููููู ูู ุฅููููู ุฃูุญูุฑููุฌู ุญูููู ุงูุถููุนูููููููู ุงููููุชููู ู ููุงููู ูุฑูุฃูุฉู
3678 ุณูู ุงุจู ู ุงุฌู ูุชุงุจ ุงูุฃุฏุจ ุจุงุจ ุญู ุงููุชูู
2636 ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุงูุณููุทู ุฎูุงุตุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุตุญูุญ ูู ุงูุชูููุฑ ุดุฑุญ ุงูุฌุงู ุน ุงูุตุบูุฑ
๐๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ: ๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐๐ญ๐๐ค๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐จ๐ ๐๐ญ๐ก๐๐ซ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐ซ๐๐๐ข๐ฌ๐
Sahl ibn Saโd reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, โMyself and the caretaker of an orphan will be in Paradise like this,โ and he held his two fingers together.
Source: แนขaแธฅฤซแธฅ al-Bukhฤrฤซ 5659
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Bukhari
ุนููู ุณูููู ุจูู ุณูุนูุฏู ุนููู ุงููููุจูููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ููุงูู ุฃูููุง ููููุงูููู ุงููููุชููู ู ููู ุงููุฌููููุฉู ููููุฐูุง ููููุงูู ุจูุฅูุตูุจูุนููููู ุงูุณููุจููุงุจูุฉู ููุงููููุณูุทูู
5659 ุตุญูุญ ุงูุจุฎุงุฑู ูุชุงุจ ุงูุฃุฏุจ ุจุงุจ ูุถู ู ู ูุนูู ูุชูู ุง
๐๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ: ๐๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ, ๐๐ซ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐ฅ๐๐ฏ๐๐ฌ
Malik ibn Al-Harith reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, โWhoever embraces an orphan of two Muslim parents by feeding him and giving him drink until he is independent of him, Paradise will certainly be necessary for him. Whoever emancipates a Muslim man, he will be his freedom from the Hellfire; he will be rewarded for every limb of his in equal measure.โ
Source: Musnad Aแธฅmad 19855
Grade: Sahih li ghayri (authentic due to external evidence) according to Al-Albani
ุนููู ู ูุงูููู ุจููู ุงููุญูุงุฑูุซู ุนููู ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ููุงูู ู ููู ุถูู ูู ููุชููู ูุง ุจููููู ุฃูุจููููููู ู ูุณูููู ููููู ุฅูููู ุทูุนูุงู ููู ููุดูุฑูุงุจููู ุญูุชููู ููุณูุชูุบููููู ุนููููู ููุฌูุจูุชู ูููู ุงููุฌููููุฉู ุงููุจูุชููุฉู ููู ููู ุฃูุนูุชููู ุงู ูุฑูุฃู ู ูุณูููู ูุง ููุงูู ููููุงูููู ู ููู ุงููููุงุฑู ููุฌูุฒูู ุจูููููู ุนูุถููู ู ููููู ุนูุถูููุง ู ููููู
19855 ู ุณูุฏ ุฃุญู ุฏ ุจู ุญูุจู ู ุณูุฏ ุงูุนุดุฑุฉ ุงูู ุจุดุฑูู ุจุงูุฌูุฉ
2543 ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุงูุฃูุจุงูู ุฎูุงุตุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุตุญูุญ ูุบูุฑู ูู ุตุญูุญ ุงูุชุฑุบูุจ
๐๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ: ๐๐ ๐ค๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐จ๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ ๐ฌ๐จ๐๐ญ ๐ก๐๐๐ซ๐ญ
Abu Darda reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, โBring the orphan close to you, pat his head, and feed him with the same food you eat. It will soften your heart and fulfill your need.โ
Source: Makฤrim al-Akhlฤq lil-Kharฤโiแนญฤซ 661
Grade: Hasan (fair) according to Al-Albani
ุนููู ุฃูุจูู ุงูุฏููุฑูุฏูุงุกู ููุงูู ููุงูู ุฑูุณูููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ุฃูุฏููู ุงููููุชููู ู ู ููููู ููุงู ูุณูุญู ุจูุฑูุฃูุณููู ููุฃูุทูุนูู ููู ู ููู ุทูุนูุงู ููู ูููููู ููููุจููู ููุชูููุฏูุฑู ุนูููู ุญูุงุฌูุชููู
661 ู ูุงุฑู ุงูุฃุฎูุงู ููุฎุฑุงุฆุทู
250 ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุงูุฃูุจุงูู ุฎูุงุตุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ุญุฏุซ ุญุณู ูู ุตุญูุญ ุงูุฌุงู ุน
๐๐จ๐ฐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ๐๐ข๐ง ๐๐ฎ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ฆ ๐๐๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ง ๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฅ
Anas b. Malik reported that there was an orphan girl with Umm Sulaim (who was the mother of Anas).
Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) saw that orphan girl and said:
O, it is you; you have grown young. May you not advance in years! That slave girl returned to Umm Sulaim weeping.
Umm Sulaim said:
O daughter, what is the matter with you? She said: Allah’s Apostle (๏ทบ) has invoked curse upon me that I should not grow in age and thus I would never grow in age, or she said, in my (length) of life.
Umm Sulaim went out wrapping her head-dress hurriedly until she met Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ). He said to her: Umm Sulaim, what is the matter with you? She said:
Allah’s Apostle, you invoked a curse upon my orphan girl. He said: Umm Sulaim, what is that? She said: She (the orphan girl) states you have cursed her saying that she might not grow in age or grow in life. Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) smiled and then said: Umm Sulaim, don’t you know that I have made this term with my Lord?
And the term with my Lord is that I said to Him: 1 am a human being and I am pleased just as a human being is pleased and I lose temper just as a human being loses temper, so for any person from amongst my Ummah whom I curse and he in no way deserves it, let that, O Lord, be made a source of purification and purity and nearness to (Allah) on the Day of Resurrection.
(Sahih Muslim 2603)
Do we have more details about how that orphan girl made him lose his temper?
๐๐๐ญ๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐ฎ๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ
Addressing the Argument: Was Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) an Abusive Invoker of Curses?
The hadith literature portrays Muhammad as someone who abuses innocent people as could be seen in the following ahaadeeth:
A’isha reported that two persons visited Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) and both of them talked about a thing, of which I am not aware, but that annoyed him and he invoked a curse upon both of them and hurled malediction, and when they went out I said: Allah’s Messenger, the good would reach everyone but it would not reach these two.
He said:
Why so? I said: Because you have invoked curse and hurled malediction upon both of them.
He said: Don’t you know that I have made condition with my Lord saying thus: O Allah, I am a human being and that for a Muslim upon whom I invoke curse or hurl malediction make it a source of purity and reward. [Sahih Muslim, Book 32, Hadith 6285]
Salim, the freed slave of Nasriyyin, said: I heard Abu Huraira saying that he heard Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) as saying: O Allah, Muhammad is a human being.
I lose my temper just as human beings lose temper, and I have held a covenant with Thee which Thou wouldst not break:
For a believer whom I give any trouble or invoke curse or beat, make that an expiation (of his sins and a source of) his nearness to Thee on the Day of Resurrection. [Sahih Muslim, book 32, Hadith 6293]
Anas b. Malik reported that there was an orphan girl with Umm Sulaim (who was the mother of Anas).
Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) saw that orphan girl and said: O, it is you; you have grown young. May you not advance in years!
That slave girl returned to Umm Sulaim weeping. Umm Sulaim said: O daughter, what is the matter with you? She said:
Allah’s Apostle (๏ทบ) has invoked a curse upon me that I should not grow in age and thus I would never grow in age, or she said, in my (length) of life.
Umm Sulaim went out wrapping her head-dress hurriedly until she met Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ). He said to her: Umm Sulaim, what is the matter with you?
She said: Allah’s Apostle, you invoked curse upon my orphan girl. He said: Umm Sulaim, what is that?
She said: She (the orphan girl) states you have cursed her saying that she might not grow in age or grow in life. Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) smiled and then said:
Umm Sulaim, don’t you know that I have made this term with my Lord?
And the term with my Lord is that I said to Him: I am a human being, and I am pleased just as a human being is pleased and I lose temper just as a human being loses temper.
So, for any person from amongst my Ummah whom I curse and he in no way deserves it, let that, O Lord, be made a source of purification and purity and nearness to (Allah) on the Day of Resurrection. [Sahih Muslim, Book 32, Hadith 6297]
๐๐๐ฌ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐
๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ (๐ฉ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ) ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ญ๐จ ๐๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐๐ซ:
Narrated Anas: Allah’s Messenger (๏ทบ) was neither a Fahish (one who had a bad tongue) nor a Sabbaba (one who abuses others)… [Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 8, Book 73, Hadith 72]
๐๐จ ๐ก๐จ๐ฐ ๐๐จ ๐ฐ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ง ๐ฆ๐๐ค๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ฌ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ฌ ๐ข๐ง ๐ฅ๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ซ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐๐๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ?
When it comes to the first hadeeth mentioned above, the Prophet (peace be upon him) could have sincerely made Ijtihaad and reached the conclusion that those two men were worthy of being cursed, for the Prophet (peace be upon him) could only judge by that which is apparent and doesn’t know that which is hidden [1].
What confirms the fact that the Prophet (peace be upon him) judges by the apparent and could possibly be mistaken in doing so is the following tradition:
Umm Salamah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (๏ทบ) said, “Verily, I am only a human, and the claimants bring to me (their disputes); perhaps some of them are more eloquent than others.
I judge according to what I hear from them). So, he whom I, by my judgment, (give the undue share) out of the right of a Muslim, I in fact give him a portion of (Hell) Fire”. [Reported in Bukhari and Muslim]
๐๐ ๐๐ฆ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ฌ๐ข๐ณ๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ก๐ ๐๐จ๐๐ฌ๐ง’๐ญ ๐ฃ๐ฎ๐๐ ๐ ๐๐ฒ ๐ฐ๐ก๐๐ญ ๐ข๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐ง๐ฌ๐ข๐๐:
The Messenger of Allah (๏ทบ) said: I have not been commanded to pierce through the hearts of people, nor to split their bellies (insides). [Sahih Bukhari, Book 5, Hadith 2319]
๐๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฉ๐ก๐๐ญ’๐ฌ (๐ฉ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐จ๐ง ๐ก๐ข๐ฆ) ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฆ๐๐ง๐ญ:
“Don’t you know that I have made condition with my Lord saying thus:
O Allah, I am a human being and that for a Muslim upon whom I invoke curse or hurl malediction make it a source of purity and reward.”, this is in reference to those whom he has wrongly cursed.
This is due to the possibility that the outward state of the cursed person didn’t reflect his inward state, which is what the Prophet (peace be upon him) is judging upon.
Now we move on to the second and third ahaadeeth and the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) remark that he loses his temper just as any human being loses his temper.
This is to be understood as “anger for the sake of Allah” in the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) regard. It may be that the Prophet (peace be upon him) favored cursing the individual over punishing him for committing a sin.
Also, the Prophet (peace be upon him) is also pointing out to his Ummah that anger may at times result in crossing the bounds of Allah [2].
As mentioned earlier, it’s possible for the Prophet (peace be upon him) to be mistaken in his judgment and as a result of his mistake, Allah will transform his curse into a blessing upon the person.
So, at the end of the day, the Prophet (peace be upon him) is really hurting nobody unjustly.
It has also been suggested that what the Prophet (peace be upon him) was truly worried about was mistakenly saying something which appeared to be a curse – but actually wasn’t – actually befalling upon someone.
It was the habit of Arabs during that time to say things that appear to be a curse (but weren’t) in order to drive a certain point.
For example, we read in Sunan an-Nasa’i, Vol. 4, Book 26, Hadith 3232:
Narrated Abu Hurairah: It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet said:
“Women are married for four things: their wealth, their nobility, their beauty, and their religious commitment. Choose the one who is religiously committed, may your hands be rubbed with dust.”
“Hands being rubbed with dust” entails one is so poor that he has nothing in his hands except for dust. In no way does anyone understand that the Prophet (peace be upon him) is praying for anyone to be poor, rather it’s a phrase Arabs were used to saying, whilst not intending it to be a prayer [3].
The phrase “may your hands be rubbed with dust” was used by the Prophet (peace be upon him) in different contexts and they weren’t meant to be a negative prayer upon the person [4].
Let’s look at another example from Sahih Muslim, Book 7, Hadith 2783:
A’isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported: We went with the Messenger of Allah (๏ทบ) and we did not see but that he (intended to perform) Hajj (only), but when we reached Mecca we circumambulated the House, and the Messenger of Allah (๏ทบ) commanded that he who did not have with him a sacrificial animal should put off Ihram.
She (A’isha) said: (And consequently) those who did not bring the sacrificial animals with them put off Ihram; and among his wives (too) who had not brought the sacrificial animals with them put off Ihram.
A’isha said:
I entered my period and could not (therefore) circumambulate the House.
๐๐ก๐๐ง ๐ข๐ญ ๐ฐ๐๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ง๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ญ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฌ๐๐ ๐ฌ๐ก๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ข๐:
Messenger of Allah, people are coming back (after having performed both) Hajj and’Umra, whereas I am coming back only with Hajj, whereupon he said:
Did you not circumambulate (the Ka’ba) that very night we entered Mecca? She (A’isha) said: No, whereupon he said:
Go along with your brother to Tan’im and put on the Ihram for Umra, and it is at such and such a place that you can meet (us). (In the meanwhile) Safiyya (the wife of the Holy Prophet) said:
I think, I will detain you (since I have entered in the monthly) period, and you shall have to wait for me for the farewell circuit).
Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: May you be wounded, and your head shorn did you not circumambulate on the Day of Sacrifice (10th of Dhu’l-Hijja)?
She said: Yes. The Prophet (๏ทบ) said: There is no harm. You should go forward. ‘A’isha said:
The Messenger of Allah (๏ทบ) was going upwards to the side of Mecca, whereas I was coming down from it, or I was going upward, whereas he was coming down. Isbiq said: She was climbing down, and he was climbing down.
Once again we see the Prophet (peace be upon him) said something which apparently appears to be a curse of some sort… “May you be wounded, and your head shorn”.
However, if we take it literally, we are left scratching our heads wondering why the Prophet (peace be upon him) would curse his wife when the entire context of the story shows that she did absolutely nothing wrong!
Clearly, this wasn’t literal as this phrase over time with the Arabs was not being used in a literal fashion anymore [5].
So in light of this, we can see that it was very possible that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was wary of this and worried that these may become prayers that actually get answered despite them not being intentional.
As a result, the Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed that they be turned into blessings.
๐๐ฎ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐๐ซ๐ฒ
So in conclusion, we see that the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to judge people by that which is apparent when they commit sins, and he would do so feeling angry for the sake of Allah for believing that the individual committed wrong.
However, it’s possible that the Prophet (peace be upon him) judged a person whose outward actions didn’t reflect his inward state.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) was aware of this and out of precaution asked Allah to turn any unjustified curses into blessings for those people.
It was also a habit of the Arabs to say phrases that appeared to be cursed but were not intended to be so literal. The Prophet (peace be upon him) may have possibly been worried that these could turn into answered prayers.
So once again out of precaution, the Prophet (peace be upon him) asked Allah to turn any such uttered phrases into blessings for those people.
So in reality what we see here is actually the God-fearing, merciful & just nature of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and not an abusive person who just invokes curses and innocents.
๐
๐จ๐จ๐ญ๐ง๐จ๐ญ๐๐ฌ
1) Imam an-Nawawi in his commentary on Saheeh Muslim said:
ุฃุญุฏูู ุง ุฃู ุงูู ุฑุงุฏ ููุณ ุจุฃูู ูุฐูู ุนูุฏ ุงููู ุชุนุงูู , ููู ุจุงุทู ุงูุฃู ุฑ , ููููู ูู ุงูุธุงูุฑ ู ุณุชูุฌุจ ูู , ููุธูุฑ ูู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู ุงุณุชุญูุงูู ูุฐูู ุจุฃู ุงุฑุฉ ุดุฑุนูุฉ , ููููู ูู ุจุงุทู ุงูุฃู ุฑ ููุณ ุฃููุง ูุฐูู , ููู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู ู ุฃู ูุฑ ุจุงูุญูู ุจุงูุธุงูุฑ , ูุงููู ูุชููู ุงูุณุฑุงุฆุฑ.
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his Fathul Baari, quotes al-Maaziri as saying:
ุงู ููู ููู ูุฏุนู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ู ุณูู ุจุฏุนูุฉ ุนูู ู ู ููุณ ููุง ุจุฃูู
ููู ุง ูู ุฑุงุฏ ุจูููู ููุณ ููุง ุจุฃูู ุนูุฏู ูู ุจุงุทู ุงู ุฑู ูุง ุนูู ู ุง ูุธูุฑ ู ู ุง ููุชุถูู ุญุงูู ูุฌูุงูุชู ุญูู ุฏุนุงุฆู ุนููู ููุฃูู ูููู ู ู ูุงู ุจุงุทู ุงู ุฑู ุนูุฏู ุงูู ู ู ู ุชุฑุถู ุนูู ูุงุฌุนู ุฏุนูุชู ุนููู ุงูุชู ุงูุชุถุงูุง ู ุง ุธูุฑ ูู ู ู ู ูุชุถู ุญุงูู ุญููุฆุฐ ุทููุฑุง ูุฒูุงุฉ ูุงู
ููุฐุง ู
ุนูู ุตุญูุญ ูุง ุงุญุงูุฉ ููู ูุฃูู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ู ุณูู
ูุงู ู
ุชุนุจุฏุง ุจุงูุธูุงูุฑ ูุญุณุงุจ ุงููุงุณ ูู ุงูุจูุงุทู ุนูู ุงููู ุงูุชูู ููุฐุง ู
ุจูู ุนูู ููู ู
ู ูุงู ุงูู ูุงู ูุฌุชูุฏ ูู ุงูุงุญูุงู
ููุญูู
ุจู
ุง ุฃุฏู ุฅููู ุงุฌุชูุงุฏู ูุงู
ุง ู
ู ูุงู ูุงู ูุง ูุญูู
ุงูุง ุจุงููุญู ููุง ูุชุฃุชู ู
ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุฌูุงุจ
2) Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his Fathul Baari, quotes al-Maaziri as saying:
ูุฅู ููู ูู ุง ู ุนูู ูููู ูุฃุบุถุจ ูู ุง ูุบุถุจ ุงูุจุดุฑ ูุฅู ูุฐุง ูุดูุฑ ุฅูู ุฃู ุชูู ุงูุฏุนูุฉ ููุนุช ุจุญูู ุณูุฑุฉ ุงูุบุถุจ ูุง ุฃููุง ุนูู ู ูุชุถู ุงูุดุฑุน ููุนูุฏ ุงูุณุคุงู ูุงูุฌูุงุจ ุฃูู ูุญุชู ู ุฃูู ุฃุฑุงุฏ ุฃู ุฏุนูุชู ุนููู ุฃู ุณุจู ุฃู ุฌูุฏู ูุงู ู ู ุง ุฎูุฑ ุจูู ูุนูู ูู ุนููุจุฉ ููุฌุงูู ุฃู ุชุฑูู ูุงูุฒุฌุฑ ูู ุจู ุง ุณูู ุฐูู ููููู ุงูุบุถุจ ููู – ุชุนุงูู – ุจุนุซู ุนูู ูุนูู ุฃู ุฌูุฏู ููุง ูููู ุฐูู ุฎุงุฑุฌุง ุนู ุดุฑุนู .
ูุงู ููุญุชู
ู ุฃู ูููู ุฐูู ุฎุฑุฌ ู
ุฎุฑุฌ ุงูุฅุดูุงู ูุชุนููู
ุฃู
ุชู ุงูุฎูู ู
ู ุชุนุฏู ุญุฏูุฏ ุงููู ููุฃูู ุฃุธูุฑ ุงูุฅุดูุงู ู
ู ุฃู ูููู ุงูุบุถุจ ูุญู
ูู ุนูู ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุนููุจุฉ ุงูุฌุงูู ูููุง ุงูุบุถุจ ู
ุง ููุนุช ุฃู ุฅุดูุงูุง ู
ู ุฃู ูููู ุงูุบุถุจ ูุญู
ูู ุนูู ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูุณูุฑุฉ ูู ุนููุจุฉ ุงูุฌุงูู ูููุง ุงูุบุถุจ ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ููููู ู
ู ุงูุตุบุงุฆุฑ ุนูู ููู ู
ู ูุฌูุฒูุง ุฃู ูููู ุงูุฒุฌุฑ ูุญุตู ุจุฏูููุง
3) Linguist expert Ibn Mandhur in his Lisaan al-‘Arab said:
ููุฑูู ูุงููู ุฃุนูู ุฃู ุงููุจู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู ูู ูุชุนู ุฏ ุงูุฏุนุงุก ุนููู ุจุงูููุฑ ูููููุง ููู ุฉ ุฌุงุฑูุฉ ุนูู ุฃูุณู ุงูุนุฑุจ ูููููููุง ููู ูุง ูุฑูุฏูู ุจูุง ุงูุฏุนุงุก ุนูู ุงูู ุฎุงุทุจ ููุง ูููุน ุงูุฃู ุฑ ุจูุง .
He even goes on to list examples of how the Arabs could use phrases which on their apparency appear to be rebukes and insults, yet are actually complimented… ููุซูุฑุง ุชุฑุฏ ููุนุฑุจ ุฃููุงุธ ุธุงูุฑูุง ุงูุฐู
ูุฅูู
ุง ูุฑูุฏูู ุจูุง ุงูู
ุฏุญ ูููููู
ูุง ุฃุจ ูู ููุง ุฃู
ูู ูููุช ุฃู
ู ููุง ุฃุฑุถ ูู ููุญู ุฐูู
4) See an-Nawawi’s, Sharh Muslim; Ibn Battal’s, Sharh al-Bukhari; as-Suyuti’s, Tanweer al-Hawaalik Sharh Muwatta’ Malik; Badr ad-Deen’s, ‘Umdat al-Qari fi Sharh Saheeh al-Bukhari; as-Sindi’s, Haashiya ‘ala al-Nasai’ & at-Tibrizi’s, Sharh Mishkaat al-Masaabeeh.
5) Imam an-Nawawi said in his commentary on Saheeh Muslim said:
ุงุชุณุนุช ุงูุนุฑุจ ูููุง ูุตุงุฑุช ุชุทูููุง ููุง ุชุฑูุฏ ุญูููุฉ ู ุง ูุถุนุช ูู
Did Prophet Muhammed (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) commit sin?
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