The Prophet (p) led an expedition to Buwat area in search of the Quraysh:

Ibn Ishaq:

“Then the apostle went raiding in the month of Rabi’u’l-Awwal making for Quraysh, until he reached Buwat in the neighbourhood of Radwa. Then he returned to Medina without fighting, and remained there for the rest of Rabi’u’l-Akhir and part of Jumada’l’Ula.” [1]

Al-Tabari:

“Then the Messenger of God led an expedition in Rabi al-Akhir (which began October 2, 623) in search of Quraysh. He went as far as Buwat in the region of Radwa and then returned without any fighting.” [2]

Prophet Muhammed (p) most probably led this expedition as a consequence of the Quraysh’s persistent persecution against the Muslims. We have written a number of articles, before the Buwat incident, wherein the Quraysh declared war and attacked Muslims (Read more about it here: (‘Did Quraysh Persecute Muslims When They Fled To Madinah?’)

References:

[1] Ibn Ishaq’s Sirat Rasul Allah – The Life of Muhammad Translated by A. Guillaume, page 205
[2] History of al-Tabari: The: The Foundation of the Community: Muhammad – volume 7, page 13